Wednesday, August 26, 2020

The khipu system of the Andes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The khipu arrangement of the Andes - Research Paper Example Through this principle idea, there is the capacity to see how the Khipu System created as a required framework in the Andes, just as how it has formed into a composing framework. The Khipu System of the Andes The idea of the Khipu System created in the Andes as an arrangement of correspondence from the Incas. The framework started with the faith in a need to record data and history just as stories that were a piece of the way of life. This was joined with the perception and images that were frequently ascribed to the Incas and which were utilized in making a feeling of comprehension through different shapes and structures that were recorded in the way of life. The Incas built up the Khipu framework explicitly to make a recordkeeping credit to the general public and to recount to the narratives to others which could be passed down outside of oral narrating and into the perception and material products which could track those that were a piece of the Inca society. The viewpoints which were made depended on a consolidated exertion with symbolic representations, pictographic tests and a known type of early composition inside the Andes (Boone, Mignolo, 5). The improvement of the Khipu didn’t simply create as a result of the need to go down history and to have a type of composing. The arrangement of a bunch framework as correspondence came explicitly in light of the improvements which the race previously had. ... To record this, were additionally explicit characteristics related with coordination of numbers and record keeping with the financial status. This specific type of record keeping with numbers at that point developed into the political and social ideas which were a piece of the fundamental framework. This depended on the utilization of imagery and representation which kept on quickening into the framework. The representative intensity of each material which was in the public arena was a significant idea and made a feeling of hugeness, which prompted the iconographic themes in the Andes and in the long run prompted a standard framework utilized in all societies in the economy and inside society. The Khapu framework had the option to join the financial aspects, numeral comprehend, imagery of perception and the utilization of the materials and visual connections as making a feeling of significance. These various credits had the option to prompt the advancement of the framework and the me thodologies which were related with the Khapu System (Henderson, 272). Proof of the Writing System There are a few zones of proof that show that the Khapu framework was a type of a previous composing framework and which drove into a development of understanding explicit stories, record keeping choices and relationship with the time span. The Spanish and European attacks of the Andes originally introduced the data about the composing framework, explicitly with an understanding that it had the option to make an alternate type of correspondence. For example, Naples reports from people, for example, Blas Valera, a mestizo Jesuit, presents the framework and shows how it was a type of correspondence in the Andes. It was realized that before this, the Incan culture and composing was believed to be lost; be that as it may, the work which was

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Analysis of Animal Farm and It’s Characters

Animal Farm is a figurative tale of the laborers revolt and the ascent to intensity of the socialist party in the previous Soviet Union not long after World War I and specifically the ascent to matchless quality of Joseph Stalin, as told as an account of the livestock of Manor Farm who oust the inebriated rancher Jones and hold onto control of the homestead for themselves. In this purposeful anecdote, rancher Jones speaks to the Russian gentry and the animals speak to the laborers, average workers, and a few components of the white collar class who rebelled against them.The different animals on the homestead were expected by Orwell to speak to the different classes and reactions of people to control. The pigs unmistakably speak to the decision class and the desire for power, the ones who will make a special effort to get what they need. They likewise speak to the scholarly class, in view of their ability to peruse and compose. First among the pigs is Old Major, the hog who prophesize s the upheaval. He depends on the political financial expert Karl Marx, and, similar to Marx, passes on before the upheaval happens, yet whose lessons motivated the revolution.After the unrest, two pigs: Snowball and Napoleon, ascend to conspicuousness in the decision pig class. Snowball was Orwell’s depiction of the scholarly speaker Leon Trotsky, who was outsmarted for the administration of the Russian socialist gathering after the demise of Lenin by Stalin, who is spoken to in Animal Farm by Napoleon. Snowball, similar to Trotsky, comes to be depicted by the decision powers as an enemy of progressive figure who they guarantee to be working in the background to sabotage what occurs on the farm.Second in the social stepping stool of Animal Farm are the little dogs, taken from their mom during childbirth and taught by Napoleon. They imply the world class progressive gatekeeper, generally faithful to the authority however who additionally advantage from that steadfastness. Fur ther down the stepping stool is Boxer, the work-horse who is extremely faithful to power. The articulation â€Å"work-horse† alludes to a â€Å"person or machine that reliably performs difficult work over a significant stretch of time† which relates superbly with Boxer and his saying: â€Å"I will work harder†.He represents the dedicated worker class, who in socialist social orders were constantly hailed by the decision class yet who were additionally subtly dreaded by them for their quality. Lower on the stepping stool you discover the sheep. They are the uninformed ones and represent the uneducated, those most effectively tricked and tricked by power, and from whom the decision class increase the greater part of their position. At last, there is Benjamin the jackass, who speaks to skepticism, the individuals who perceive defilement however do nothing to stop it and follow the current; the individuals who come and make an effort not to be noticed.Only once does Benjamin become left, and it happens when his companion Boxer loses control by the paste truck and taken to his unfavorable passing, similarly that Mr Jones would have done. Among the people, the fundamental characters are Mister Frederick and Mister Pilkington. They speak to Germany and England individually. They contend both for the kindness of Animal Farm however both wish to fix Animal Farm. Animal Farm is somewhat spared by the way that Mr. Fredrick and Mr. Pilkington don’t get along, and their contention speak to the battles in Europe during the long stretches of the Second World War and those paving the way to it.Mr. Fredericks assault on Animal Farm close to the finish of the book is a depiction of the bad form of an agreement marked among Stalin and Hitler, which lead to the attack of Leningrad. Fundamentally, the novella manages the manner in which force gets combined in littler and littler hands, until it is basically constrained by one creature, Napoleon. After J ones is ousted, power is shared by each creature, astute or not, however rapidly comes to live just in the hooves of the decision class, otherwise called the pigs, at that point just in Napoleon’s.It is the narrative of how force defiles everything. Animal Farm is seen, toward the start, as an optimistic ranch where force is partitioned under the control of all, and the repartition of intensity was casted a ballot by each animal. In this manner one can contend that Animal Farm’s political force was picked up in genuine manner, which implies it was acknowledged by all the animals. Despite the fact that Animal Farm portrayed an idealistic system, it didn't take some time before its state decayed. It is effectively relatable to the force in the Soviet Union at the time.Whilst Stalin picked up power in an illicit manner by tricking the soviet populace and causing Trotsky to escape, he depicted himself as the best thing that at any point happened to the Union, and conned hi s kin by making a way of life wherein everybody had equivalent rights and obligations. Like in the Soviet Union, when force was contained by the more legitimate, for this situation the pigs, it turned out to be dynamically ill-conceived. Placing the control in littler and littler hooves, the animals on the homestead gradually lost force, and consequently the force got ill-conceived, on the grounds that it was not acknowledged completely by all the animals.Although Orwell was a communist, his novel shows how for insurgencies to succeed, fierce men are expected to run the upset, yet once fruitful, these men will stay savage to keep up their tenet. It is likewise fascinating to perceive how the creatures speak to the various brain research projects of people coming to manage something that they accepted with each fiber of their being to be acceptable yet which ends up being absolutely wrong.On the one extraordinary you have the sheep types, who are extremely oblivious to comprehend wha t is happening, while on the other you have the Benjamin-the-jackass types who realize that it isn't right however choose to go with it since they are too pessimistic to even consider believing that there is a chance of a superior world. As indicated by my version of the book, this novella was composed between November 1943 and February 1944. The attack of Leningrad, which is portrayed in the novel, just finishes toward the finish of January 1944, only half a month prior to Orwell finished his chief draft of the novella.Also, the novella was first distributed in England in August 1945, only a couple of months after the finish of World War II. The last section, notwithstanding, starts with the sentence: â€Å"Years passed†, and tells the historical backdrop of Animal Farm in the years after the fight with Frederick. Is fascinating that the initial nine sections of the novella is a tale of the historical backdrop of the Soviet Union up to the finish of World War II. But since t he novella was distributed in 1945, this last section is Orwell’s hypothesis of things to come bearing of the Soviet Union.In it, he draws an Animal Farm that turns out to be progressively similar to it was before the ejection of Jones, aside from significantly increasingly severe. The connections between the pigs and different ranchers become bit by bit progressively nearer, and at last the name of Animal Farm comes back to the name Manor Farm. Unmistakably, the historical backdrop of the Soviet Union exposed war period is tremendously unique of that portrayed by Orwell in the last section of the book; the truth of post World War II time is that the Soviet Union didn't return to being named Russia and didn't criticize Marxism.Personally, I feel that while precisely foreseeing a decision class that would turn out to be increasingly highborn and less and less worried for the government assistance of its residents, Orwell additionally attempts to delineate a Soviet decision cla ss that isn’t the most noticeably awful decision class, however how is it as awful as those in different nations. This turns out to be clear in that last scene where the pigs and the ranchers begin toasting one another and the ranchers acclaim the pigs triumphs. The last line of the book peruses, â€Å"The animals outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man once more: however as of now it was difficult to state which was which. â€Å"

Tuesday, August 18, 2020

Why BuzzFeeds Leap to Longform is Good for Readers

Why BuzzFeeds Leap to Longform is Good for Readers Earlier this week, BuzzFeed  publicly stepped forward into the world of longform, online journalism by hiring a new editor specifically to oversee longform stories. The general reaction from around the web was, it seems, skeptical. Can a website best known for videos of kittens taking baths really do longform journalism? Is there a place for long narratives on a site like BuzzFeed? While I certainly can’t speak to the first question whether BuzzFeed and their editors are capable of producing good longform journalism I think it’s shortsighted to assume that the answer to the second question is no. The assumption that longform journalism doesn’t have a place online, or, as one writer put it, “the thoughtful and well-polished essay has only one natural home â€" the magazine,” ignores a pretty interesting and growing digital landscape for solid, longform writing. Longform journalism is both slow and expensive to produce. In the world of online advertising where pageviews equate to dollars, longform writing seems ill-suited. There’s also something unsatisfying about reading long writing online, particularly at at computer. Sitting at a laptop doesn’t offer the same time of reading experience as sitting with a magazine or other print product. These are all logistical reasons to be concerned about the future of longform writing online, but they’re not impossible to overcome. The easiest concern is the reading experience. The growing popularity of tablets and ereaders, as well as young readers interest in reading on other devices, will slowly start to mitigate this problem. Additionally, there are many popular services like Instapaper or Pocket (formerly Read it Later) or Readability that make it more convenient to bookmark and read longform content at a more convenient time. The concerns about pageviews and cost are a little more challenging. But not insurmountable, especially for a site with the traffic and comfort with the social web that BuzzFeed has curated. In fact, an advantage a site like BuzzFeed has  is the fact that they’re online. Writing on the web offers opportunities of embedding video, photo slideshows, hyperlinks, interactive graphics, and sound to stories in a way that print has never been able to emulate. There are fewer boundaries online, and if BuzzFeed wants to distinguish itself from the Kings of Longform Journalism (The New Yorker and The Atlantic), the site will need to be bold and different with it’s writing and work to appeal a new style of story to BuzzFeed readers. Personally, I think BuzzFeed’s best bet for building new readership for their longform stories is to expand out from their website and offer each piece as a digital short through Amazon or Barnes Noble or Byliner or Longreads. These sites make it easy for readers with ereaders or other devices to find or buy specific stories that they’re curious about. Readers who aren’t interested in buying a full magazine or book will shell out a couple of dollars for a novella-length piece of long form journalism just check out the popularity of Kindle Singles. I guess my point is that we as readers and critics and smart online consumers should be optimistic and excited that there are going to be more ways to find and read strong narratives in a digital world rather than proclaim that long form writing can only be found in print. Just as the book landscape is shifting to embrace e-books, the journalism landscape needs to shift too. Maybe it will just take the enthusiasm of adapting book readers to help drag the rest of the print die-hards behind us. For another smart (really, much smarter) take on what BuzzFeed’s new effort means for long-form journalism and the role that sharing has for reader engagement, I’d highly recommend this piece from Poynter. Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Factors Influencing Individual Investor Behavior - 1439 Words

Factors Influencing Individual Investor Behavior: An Empirical study of the KSA Financial Market research Contents TITLE PAGE NO 1. ABSTRACT 3 2.INTRODUCTION 2.1 Background to the Study 2.2 Statement of The Problem - Specific Objectives of the study - Research Questions 2.3 The scope of the study 2.4 The Relevance of the study 4 5 6 6 7 7 3. LITERATURE REVIEW 8 4. THE RESEARCH DESIGN a. Type of study b. the Model equation c. Hypothesis d. Data collection methods c. The sapling design f. Statistical analysis technique 10 10 10 10 10 11 5. INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS 11 6. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 12 TIME FRAME 13 REFERENCES 14 2.4The Relevance of the study This study aims at exploring the KSA investor’s behavior, appear†¦show more content†¦The results indicate; by using Regression Analysis, that the most influencing factor in order of importance are expected corporate earnings, get-rich-quick, stock marketability, past performance of the firm’s stock, government holdings and the creation of the organized financial markets. Al- Owaisi (2010) study examines the factors influencing the investment behavior of individual investors at Palestine Securities Exchange in Gaza strip. Some of these factors include stability of investing environment, performance of registered companies at Palestine Securities Exchange and performance the level of the exchange market itself. The study uses a descriptive analytical method based on data gathering and analysis. The number of returned questionnaires 274. The study revealed that many investors cared about following the latest developments of exchange market and other businesses through mass media. It also found that staffs of financial mediators working at Palestine Securities Exchange are not fully competent to help investors take their own investment decisions. Furthermore, rumors constitute a major external factor negatively affecting investment. The study also showed that the possibility of investment aboard has a negative impact on investment decisions in the Palest ine Securities Exchange. MerikasShow MoreRelatedThe Costs And Benefits Of Financial Advice Essay1191 Words   |  5 PagesBrian Melzer, Alessandro Previtero. This thesis assesses the value that financial advisors provide to clients using a unique panel datasheet on the Canadian financial advisory industry. Findings of this thesis are that advisors influence towards investors trading choices, but they do not add value through their investment recommendations when judged by relative to passive investment benchmarks. †¢ Financial Advisory Business – How to transform it to the next level By team FPSB India (Financial PlanningRead MoreEnvironmental and Consumer Influences Analysis1426 Words   |  6 PagesEnvironmental and Consumer Influences Analysis PSY 322 Don Crabtree Environmental and Consumer Influences Analysis A consumer’s product selection, whether it is an item or a service, is influenced by a number of competing factors. All of those factors can make the process easier, or more difficult, depending upon the consumer’s own decision making process. Social, political, psychological, cultural, and legal processes, to name a few, all influence the consumer’s decision making processRead MoreThe Global Financial Tsunami During 2007-20091591 Words   |  7 Pagesmarkets, further influencing the real economy, and sending the world into recession. This crisis primarily stemmed from the subprime mortgage crisis in the U.S., which can be interpreted as the banking emergency triggered by the burst of the real estate market bubble, excessive credit, and abuse of financial derivative instruments (Szyszka, 2011). Most studies about the chief culprit of this crisis mainly focused on â€Å"institutional failure† (Barberis, 2011), while psychological factors also played aRe ad MoreThe Social Responsibility Of Wal Mart862 Words   |  4 Pagesresponsibility is to increase profits.† This kind of responsibility also a form of giving back. Many people believe that the future of Wal-Mart is sustainability. 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Even more controversial is an attempt to change the underlying values and beliefs of individual followers. Some writers contend that this type of leader influence is clearly unethical, even when the intended outcome is to benefit followers as well as the organization (e.g., Stephens, D’Intino , Victor, 1995; White Wooten, 1986). If aRead MoreExternal Factors And Their Effects On Organisations Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesBusinesses need to focus on external factors, as they are uncontrollable and impact each firm in an unexpected way. External Factors can affect the ability of a business or venture to accomplish its key objectives and destinations. These outside components may incorporate; Competition, social, legal, and technological changes, economic and political environment. This research paper will investigate external factors and their effects on organisations. The examination of the topic will be based uponRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Enron Case1622 Words   |  7 Pageshistory. 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Department of Business Management Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar-756019, Balasore, Orissa, India Tel: 91-94371-31429 E-mail: bhagaban_fm@yahoo.co.in Ms. Sangeeta Mohanty Associate Professor, Academy of Business Administration Industrial Estate (S1/25), Angaragadia, Balasore – 756001, Orissa, India E-mail: sangeeta_mohanty@rediffmail

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Is Genetics A Factor One Has No Control Over - 2716 Words

Our life begins prior to conception in some ways. What we will become is determined by factors which are in place before we are conceived. Our genetic makeup, our environment and culture all have an effect on whom we become. Genetics is a factor one has no control over. There are essentially two philosophies on our development. Freud regarded our development relatively complete by adolescence. In contrast, Erikson considered development to continue throughout one’s life span (Feldman, 2014, pp. 14 - 15). John Watson said â€Å"Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I ll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select – doctor, lawyer,†¦show more content†¦In these early twin studies, very consistent effects emerged that suggested one thing: when it comes to personality, genes matter (Kraus, 2013). In some of life’s endeavors one’s personality determines the outcome. Could Watson train them: probably. Would they all be successful at what they were trained in: probably not. There are those with divergent understandings of the development based on external elucidations. Piaget’s theory was that all pass through a defined sequence of universal changes. (Piaget) insisted that cognitive development always follows this sequence, that stages cannot be skipped, and that each stage is marked by new intellectual abilities and a more complex understanding of the world (WebMD, 2014). In Bronfenbrenner approach to the development, he considered the immediate environment, the connection between the various aspects of the immediate environment such as: parents to child, students to teachers, employees to bosses and friends to friends. Those interconnections play a part in the development of an individual (Feldman, 2014, pp. 22 - 23). Another developmentalist, Lev Vygotsky believed complete understanding of child development could not be understood without accounting for the culture in which people develop. â€Å"The socialcultural theory emphasizes how cogni tive development proceeds as a result of social interactions between members of a culture (Feldman, 2014, p. 25). Vygotsky placed

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

America’s Failing War on Drugs and the Culture of Incarceration Free Essays

string(128) " are caught in possession of illicit drugs, is doing nothing to contribute to lessening any of the problems attributed to them\." For over a century, America has waged a failing war on drugs even as it feeds a cultural apathetic and underground acceptance of drug and alcohol use. The views of the dominate group have placed blame on society’s ills on the evils of rampant drug use throughout the past few hundred years, which have given way to a practice of outlawing , persecution, and imprisonment. Such a view has led to the overflow of our state’s prisons, the race to build even more, and need to fund a culture of imprisonment that has a difficult time in trying to figure out if it wants to help the addicted person, or continue to try and fund a gluttonous prison machine. We will write a custom essay sample on America’s Failing War on Drugs and the Culture of Incarceration or any similar topic only for you Order Now We will look at some of the causes for the failed war on drugs, and some of the consequences if our society continues to ignore the need to help the addict, or simply lock them away. America’s failing War on Drugs and the Culture of Incarceration America has always had an underlying culture of drug use with even many of the harder drugs, like cocaine and heroin, being legal up into the early 1900’s, and drugs like methamphetamine and MDMA, or ecstasy, being legal well into the 20th century. Even one of the most invasive drugs of our culture, alcohol, is widely advertised and taken to be a norm of American culture, and prescription drugs like Vicodin and Oxycontin are used by millions legally every day (Brecher, E. M. , n. d. ). However, while alcohol as been able to enjoy its place as an accepted part of the American lifestyle, drug use of the illicit kind has been steadily demonized, criminalized, and used as a means to incarcerate an ever growing number of people, most often minorities and the poor who are unable to afford outside representation. (Steiker, C. S. 2011) It has created an industry and culture of incarceration dependant on keeping certain drugs illegal, and drug use a felonious criminal act, as those in the industry of building prisons and providing prison services, along with many in law enforcement, continue to lobby state and federal government to keep up overzealous laws on drug use, even laws on drugs proven to be less dangerous than alcohol, such as marijuana, which have come to be quite profitable to all involved. The extent of the problem with this unsuccessful war on drugs includes millions of non violent offenders losing parts of their lives, many sentenced to terms in the tens of years under mandatory sentencing, some simply for no more a heinous crime as first time possession of a small amount of marijuana or crack cocaine. The ability to get federal help for school as well as other federal help programs, to engage in certain basic liberties and rights afforded to all Americans by the Bill of Rights, such as the right to vote, or the right to bear arms, are taken away and either incredibly hard to get back, or all but impossible. Furthermore, even when they have finished paying society for their crime, they are still haunted by the deed whenever they look for work, unable to get jobs because of felony convictions, relegating them to jobs of much lower pay and status, even though they themselves may have the education and experience to fulfill jobs of a much higher caliber. (McVay, D. , Schiraldi, V. , Zeidenburg, J. 2004) This process of ‘tough on drugs’ prevention and incarceration keeps the chemically dependent in a vicious cycle where, unable to get help for their addictions and help for success after paying their ‘dues’, their only outcome lies in a repetitive sequence of drug use, bigger crimes to support themselves, and longer imprisonment, in a culture of poverty and incarceration. The outcome is broken hopes, broken dreams, broken families – broken individuals with broken lives. (McVay, D. Schiraldi, V. , Zeidenburg, J. , 2004) If you are not one of these individuals, the problem extends to you – in that it is your tax dollars going to pay for the unsuccessful but profitable war on drugs. Prisoners do not pay for their incarceration – the state and federal government does. The American tax payers pay for housing, food, clothing in both state and federal as well as private prisons, and supervision of these mostly non-violent drug offenders, both inside and outside prison. The tax payer provides the funds for local, state, and federal law enforcement to run their stings, and train their drug dogs and sting operatives, except in the off chance that they intercept a large amount of drug money, or take possession of larger drug dealers properties and vehicles bought with drug money, but rarely are these items sold at value. The burden to pay falls on the state and you, the tax payer, and the state is running out of money to spend on incarcerating an ever growing number of non-violent, drug related prisoners. McVay, D. , Schiraldi, V. , Zeidenburg, J. , 2004) THE CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES Causes While many drugs enjoyed a period of legalization, eventually most drugs have come to find a place as a scapegoat for many of society’s ills, from poverty, unemployment and homelessness, to rape, murder, and reasons to discriminate certain races based on a stereotypical link to a certain drug. (Steiker, C. S. 2011) At one time even alcohol was a major scapegoat for societal problems, but its strong history and presence in Euro-ethnic culture made it difficult to abstain from for many, and when it was shown that prohibition did nothing to stop many of the problems attributed to it and had actually caused an increase in criminal activity and dangerous binge drinking, it was repealed after 13 years, with much celebration. (Brecher, E. M. , n. d. Accordingly in this day and age, some people are coming to the realization that simply outlawing drugs, making harsh laws to imprison or remove people who are caught in possession of illicit drugs, is doing nothing to contribute to lessening any of the problems attributed to them. You read "America’s Failing War on Drugs and the Culture of Incarceration" in category "Papers" In fact, even while we see a decrease in overall crime, we can still see an increase in certain criminal drug activities meant to supply a non-declining need for narcotics, and an ever increasing bill that makes many law makers choose between other programs to help society, or to pay for the rising cost to lock up more and more drug offenders. However, it is still much easier to demonize a drug and the user for problems in society, and we can see that today for instance, as we deal with the problem of unemployment, and the desire of some to legalize marijuana, even for medical purposes. Legalization happens to be a position many of the 99% Occupier groups stand for, but many opponents counter that it’s the drug use of many of those protesters that contribute to their unemployment, and that making medical marijuana legal is just a way for them to continue to get high, but legally. (Bickman, J. , n. d. ) Consequently, many opponents also see drug use as proof f the moral decline of America, and that along with moral ills like gay marriage and abortion, contribute to the fall of our society from its once lofty heights back in the early and mid 1900’s, where homosexuality and drug use were more hidden, but no less prevalent. To this we add the common practice of giving drug possession and distribution large manda tory sentences, some of which show the disparity in the dominant class’s belief in certain drug use being characteristic of certain class or racial groups, or that some drugs are much more dangerous than others, even though science and common sense has told us otherwise. One can only need to take a look at the number of people in jail and prison for marijuana, which is almost benign in its danger when compared to a legal drug such as alcohol, or the disparity in sentencing between crack cocaine and powdered cocaine that was once 100 to 1, or the same penalty for 1 gram of crack cocaine as for 100 grams of powdered cocaine, now down to a mere 18 to 1, with the relation that crack is mostly use by the inner city African American minority, and powdered cocaine used more by the affluent, white dominant suburban group. Amar, V. D. , n. d. ) One area that is sorely underfunded, and has become a pathway to a ‘college of criminality’, is the juvenile justice system. In a 2005, five year study by the National Center on Substance Abuse at Columbia University, the report found that 1. 9 million of the 2. 4 million juveniles arrested over a 5 year period had substance abuse and addiction problems, but that only 68,600 of them received any substance abuse help. Many of those arrested were for violent crimes, however drug use played a huge part in their behavior, and it isn’t hard to take these results into the adult arena, with the finding among adults arrested who were 18 years or older, 64 percent had used drugs or alcohol when they were 17 or younger. One may correctly assume that juveniles who initiate drug and alcohol use and become arrested, and are given incarceration instead of treatment, have a greater chance of growing up to become adults who engage in criminal and drug using behavior. Brown University, 2005) Consequences The consequences of continuing the past policies of the war on drug can be seen today, there is no need to wait on verification or speculation. We can see the ever increasing number of adult and juvenile offenders incarcerated for minor drug offences, as well as those receiving large sentences for other crimes where drugs were involved. We can see the cost and the burden this increasing prison population has to the state and its tax payers, and the struggle lawmakers have to either increase taxes, lower penalties for possession for drug use, or release large numbers of un-treated, chemically dependent, prison taught and economically disadvantaged prisoners because they simply cannot afford to hold them any longer. Without changing the laws, addicts and other chemically dependent users are first convicted and then given treatment. As we already discussed in the beginning, the conviction staying on their arrest record for years, or even permanently, meaning that even after possible successful treatment, the recovering addict is still treated like a pariah when looking for work and an in-depth background check becomes part of the job seeking process. (McVay, D. , Schiraldi, V. , Zeidenburg, J. , 2004)Without any help or hope, the convicted and untreated addict’s only outlook is a continuing life of drug use, and criminal activity to support them. In states like Kentucky, that have seen an increase in its prison population quadruple over the past two decades, looking into new programs that would have offenders volunteer to enter a six to nine month treatment program in jail, rather than a one to two year program in prison that usually carries a five to ten year sentence along with it, would save the state tax payers millions of dollars a year. In Kentucky alone, it costs $500 million dollars a year to house some 22,000 prisoners, 80 percent of them being non-violent drug offenders. The state, like most others, has seen a steady rise in incarcerations with one in 31 Americans behind bars, when Twenty-five years ago, the number was 1 in 77. (Alcoholism Drug Abuse Weekly, 2009) Still, even with such approaches meant to curb the costs of incarcerating convicted addicts, the fact remains that little is being done to reduce the number of people being convicted in the first place, although the offering of more resources to people who are in their first phases of being caught up by law enforcement due to their addictions is a more effective way to start. Alcoholism Drug Abuse Weekly, 2010) Every year it becomes more and more evident, that our countries failing war on drugs and its policy to want to simply incarcerate those to mandatory sentences for even non-lethal drug such as marijuana, the rising cost to investigate, arrest, persecute and house a population of people who show no signs of serious drug use decline, can only mean that newer policies to treat the addi cted, rather than lock them away, are the right way to go if our country wants to fix the problem of our ever increasing culture of incarceration. (McVay, D. , Schiraldi, V. , Zeidenburg, J. , 2004) How to cite America’s Failing War on Drugs and the Culture of Incarceration, Essays

Monday, May 4, 2020

Likes and Dislikes free essay sample

Likes/Dislikes or Hobbies There are many things I like to do in this big World of ours. There are also many things I do not like to do or don’t care for doing. However, the main thing I enjoy doing most is playing basketball. In my spare time I go outside my house and shoot around or I go to the Eastover Recreation Center and play basketball in their gym. Also, I play basketball for Eastover Parks and Recreation during the winter months. I enjoy playing basketball so much because it gives me a way to relieve a lot of my stress and anger. Something unique about me is that I actually enjoy life itself.Life to me means friends and family who you can trust and who trusts you. I am pretty much on the happy side of life, but like all teens I do I have my days of. We will write a custom essay sample on Likes and Dislikes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That means I do have some sad days or depressed days. I have a few friends I chill with that sort of look out for me and when I am having a bad day, I also have someone here at school to talk to. I make my school days go by thinking of either the next hour or what I will do when I get home or what I will do when the weekend comes around the corner. I mean if you think about it, you wouldn’t be a happy person if you didn’t live your life like you wanted to. Ive set aside time each day to listen to music for the last five years. I listen to music so often that when Im not listening to it, I find rhythms in footsteps and doors closing and the sound of traffic. Honestly, music to me is home, a constant. When I play a favorite song, the chaos of the day is made clear. Music helps me regress every song an old memory that puts me back a few years, a decade, or last week. Memories are safe places because they cant be altered or erased, and music takes me back. I love the way music can help me zone out and refocus. The way it can put me out of touch with my own body, to the point of grace (I can dance like a fool and feel utterly free to look however silly it is I look). I love the way music connects me with closest friends. The words weve never spoken to each other travel over hummed bars of loved tracks. I love music because its never boring, and like art, is subjective and thats what makes it interesting. Sound is more offensive than visual stimuli, which is why I think certain musical artists have such a bad rap, where a painter or sculptor would be off the hook for a bad portrait or likeness.Music is an accessible art that makes a critic out of everyone. Music was my first love and it will most definitely be my last. Without having music as part of my life, I don’t know what I would do with myself. Last but not least, I have a pet peeve that I cannot stand when someone does, and that is smacking your gum. As a kid and until about age 13 I was that person who loved to smack their gum. I loved to loudly pop my gum and blow huge bubbles. I eventually grew out of it. Now I cant stand to see anybody doing that! I can forgive kids doing that.. .They are just being kids and acting their age. But seeing/hearing older teens and adults doing that just touches my nerves o another level. Smacking gum isn’t my only pet peeve, chewing with your mouth open also gets on my nerves very bad. Is it okay for people to eat with their mouths open? No! Is it okay for people to burp out loud? No! When people are working they should be considerate of other people and not make annoying noises. All in all, just be aware that people around you may not like smacking whether you like it or not.